广东企业复工高频十问（双语版）

发布时间：2020-03-03　浏览数：1,446

导言

2020年2月10日起，广东省内大部分企业开始陆续复工。然而，新型冠状病毒肺炎（以下简称“新型肺炎”）疫情又使得各类企业的“复工之路”频遭困境。为携手企业更好地面对这份特殊挑战，笔者将在本文中回答广东企业复工相关的十个高频问题，以期为企业解决复工的实际困难提供法律支持。

Introduction

Since February 10th, 2020，most enterprises in Guangdong Province resume work in succession. Nonetheless, the outbreak of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia ("NCP”) has made various enterprises’road of resuming-work full of dilemma and obstacles. To help enterprises coping with such special challenges, we provide following answers to ten frequently-asked questions about resuming work in Guangdong Province, expecting to provide legal support for enterprises in solving practical difficulties.

问题：企业是否可以要求员工披露感染、疑似新型肺炎的相关情况，以及假期所在地、返工路线、等个人信息？

解答：可以。

根据《中华人民共和国劳动合同法》第八条的规定，用人单位有权了解劳动者与劳动合同直接相关的基本情况，劳动者应当如实说明。根据《突发公共卫生事件与传染病疫情监测信息报告管理办法》第七条的规定，任何单位和个人必须按照规定及时如实报告突发公共卫生事件与传染病疫情信息，不得瞒报、缓报、谎报或授意他人瞒报、缓报、谎报。

因此，为配合有关部门的防疫控制工作，企业有权依法向员工收集与疫情相关的信息，如居住地址、行程轨迹、健康信息等，但企业不能收集与疫情防控无关的其他个人信息，且收集、处理及披露相关信息时应注意保护员工的个人隐私。

Q: Can enterprises require employees who are infected or suspected to be infected with the NCP to disclose personal information, such as holiday destination and return route?

A: Yes.

According to Article 8 of Labor Contract Law of the People's Republic of China (2012 Amendment), the employer has the right to know the basic information of the employer which is directly related to the labor contract and the employee shall faithfully provide such information. In addition, according to Article 7 of Regulation Regarding Monitoring Information Report on Public Healthy Emergencies and Epidemic of Infectious Diseases, any unit and individual must timely and faithfully report the information of public health emergencies and epidemic of infectious diseases in accordance with the regulation, and shall not conceal, delay, falsely report or instruct others to conceal, delay or falsely report.

Thus, to cooperate with the epidemic prevention and control work of relevant departments, enterprises are entitled to collect their employees’ epidemic-related information, including residential address, travel itinerary, health information, etc., but enterprises cannot collect other personal information unrelated to epidemic prevention and control, and shall pay attention to protecting the personal privacy of employees when collecting, processing and disclosing relevant information.

问题：复工后，企业发现员工感染或疑似感染新型肺炎，应如何报告？

解答：企业应立即向附近的疾病预防控制机构或者医疗机构报告。

根据《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》第三十一条的规定，任何单位和个人发现传染病病人或者疑似传染病病人时，应当及时向附近的疾病预防控制机构或者医疗机构报告。因此，复工后，若企业发现员工感染或疑似感染新型肺炎的，应当及时向附近的疾病预防控制机构或者医疗机构报告，并应积极配合上述机构及有关部门进行信息收集、分析、调查、核实等工作。

Q: If enterprises find that employees are infected or suspected to be infected with the NCP after resuming work, how enterprises shall report in such situation?

A: Enterprises shall promptly report to the nearby disease prevention and control institution or medical agency .

According to Article 31 of Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (2013 Amendment), when any unit or individual finds an infectious disease patient or a suspected one, they shall promptly report to the nearby disease prevention and control institution or medical agency. Thus,If enterprises find that employees are infected or suspected to be infected with NCP after resuming work, enterprises shall promptly report to the nearby disease prevention and control institution or medical agency, and actively cooperate with the above institutions and relevant departments to collect, analyse, investigate and verify relative information.

问题：对于受疫情影响未能及时复工的员工，公司是否可以安排员工优先休年假？

解答：可以。

根据《广东省人力资源和社会保障厅关于积极应对新型冠状病毒感染肺炎疫情做好劳动关系相关工作的通知》（粤人社明电〔2020〕13号）第三条的规定，对于因疫情未及时返粤复工的职工，经与职工协商一致，企业可以优先考虑安排职工带薪年休假；职工在带薪年休假期间享受与正常工作期间相同的工资收入。

Q: For the employees who are unable to return to work timely due to the outbreak of NCP, can enterprises arrange them to take annual leave?

A: Yes.

According to Article 3 of Notice Regarding Actively Addressing Labor Relationship Issues During the Period of the Outbreak of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia by the Human Resources and Social Security Department of Guangdong Province (Yue Ren She Ming Dian [2020] No. 13), if consensus is reached, for the employees who are unable to return to work timely due to the outbreak of NCP, enterprises can arrange them to take annual leave; such employees are entitled to have the same wages as during normal working day.

问题：新型肺炎患者、疑似病人、密切接触者因在隔离治疗期间或、医学观察期间或因政府实施隔离措施或采取其他紧急措施不能正常上班，企业应如何发放工资？

解答：企业应当视同劳动者提供正常劳动并向其支付正常工作时间的工资。

根据《人力资源社会保障部办公厅关于妥善处理新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎疫情防控期间劳动关系问题的通知》（人社厅明电〔2020〕5号），对新型肺炎患者、疑似病人、密切接触者在其隔离治疗期间或医学观察期间以及因政府实施隔离措施或采取其他紧急措施导致不能提供正常劳动的企业职工，企业应当支付职工在此期间的工作报酬。

Q: If any NCP patients, suspected patients or close contacts can’t work during the period of quarantine treatment, medical observation or because of the quarantine measures or other emergency measures adopted by the government, how enterprises pay wages?

A: Such employees shall be deemed to have worked normally, and enterprises shall pay wages accordingly.

According to Notice Regarding Appropriately Addressing Labor Relationship Issues During the Period of the Prevention and Control of the Outbreak of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security (Ren She Ting Ming Dian [2020] No. 5), if any NCP patients, suspected patients or close contacts who are employees of the enterprises, are unable to work during the period of quarantine treatment or the medical observation period, or because of the quarantine measures or other emergency measures adopted by the government, the enterprises shall pay wages to such employees during the period.

问题：新型肺炎患者、疑似病人、密切接触者在隔离治疗、医学观察或因政府实施隔离措施或采取其他紧急措施而不能正常上班期间，劳动合同到期的，企业可以与其终止劳动合同吗？

解答：不能。

根据《人力资源社会保障部办公厅关于妥善处理新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎疫情防控期间劳动关系问题的通知》（人社厅明电〔2020〕5号），在新型肺炎患者、疑似病人、密切接触者在其隔离治疗期间或医学观察期间以及因政府实施隔离措施或采取其他紧急措施导致不能提供正常劳动的期间，劳动合同到期的，分别顺延至职工医疗期期满、医学观察期期满、隔离期期满或者政府采取的紧急措施结束。

Q: If any NCP patients, suspected patients or close contacts can’t work due to the quarantine treatment or medical observation, or because of the quarantine measures or other emergency measures adopted by the government，during such period, can enterprises terminate their labor contracts when the labor contracts expire?

A: No.

According to Notice Regarding Appropriately Addressing Labor Relationship Issues During the Period of the Prevention and Control of the Outbreak of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security (Ren She Ting Ming Dian [2020] No. 5), if any NCP patients, suspected patients or close contacts, who are employees of enterprises, are unable to work during the period of quarantine treatment or the medical observation period or because of the quarantine measures or other emergency measures adopted by the government; during such period, if their labor contracts expire, they shall continue to be effective until the end of the employees' medical treatment periods, medical observation periods, or quarantine periods or the end of the emergency measures adopted by the government.

问题：员工作为密切接触者被要求隔离观察，企业可以要求员工在家办公吗？

解答：可以。

工作为密切接触者被要求隔离观察期间，员工与企业之间仍存在劳动关系，在员工身体状况良好、具备在家办公条件且不影响有关部门的防疫控制工作的情况下，企业可以安排员工在家办公。

Q: Can enterprises require employees who are close contacts to work at home during the period of quarantine observation ?

A: Yes.

During the period of quarantine observation, the labor relation between both parties still exists; in other words, considering the employees are in good health, have suitable working conditions at home and will not affect the epidemic prevention and control work of relevant departments, enterprises can require them to work at home.

问题：受疫情影响，企业经营困难，企业是否可以减少或调整劳动报酬？

解答：可以，但应与员工协商处理。

根据《广东省人力资源和社会保障厅关于积极应对新型冠状病毒感染肺炎疫情做好劳动关系相关工作的通知》（粤人社明电〔2020〕13号）的规定，企业因受疫情影响导致生产经营困难的，可以通过与职工协商一致采取调整薪酬、轮岗轮休、缩短工时、待岗等方式稳定工作岗位，尽量不裁员或者少裁员。

劳动报酬是用人单位和劳动者之间约定的内容，如需要调整劳动报酬，属于变更劳动合同，原则上需要在双方协商一致的情况下进行。因此，如双方能达成一致意见，企业应与员工签订书面合同予以确认。疫情期间无法签署书面合同的，可以通过邮件、短信等方式予以确认。

Q: If the outbreak of NCP seriously impact enterprises’ operation and production, can enterprises reduce or adjust labor remuneration?

A: Yes, but it shall be negotiated with employees .

ccording to Notice Regarding Actively Addressing Labor Relationship Issues During the Period of the Outbreak of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia by the Human Resources and Social Security Department of Guangdong Province (Yue Ren She Ming Dian [2020] No. 13), when the outbreak of NCP seriously impact enterprises’ operation and production, enterprises may reach agreements with employees to stabilize job positions, such as adjusting wages, shifting work, shortening working hour, waiting for employment,etc., and make efforts to avoid or reduce the redundancy.

Labor remuneration is part of the agreement between the employer and the employee. Therefore, adjusting the labor remuneration is the alteration to the labor contract, which needs both parties reach new agreement. Thus, if consensus can be reached by both parties, the enterprise shall sign a written contract with the employee for confirmation. If a written contract cannot be signed during the outbreak of NCP, it may also be confirmed by email, SMS, etc.

疫情期间，企业无法按时缴纳社会保险费，是否可以延后？

答：可以。

根据广东省人力资源和社会保障厅、国家税务总局广东省税务局联合发布的《关于新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎疫情防控期间社会保险缴费和待遇相关工作的通知》（粤人社函[2020]24号），受新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎疫情影响，用人单位无法按时缴纳企业职工养老保险费、失业保险费、工伤保险费的，可延期至疫情解除后三个月内缴费，期间不加收滞纳金。

Q: During the outbreak of NCP, if enterprises can’t pay social insurance premiums timely, can they defer the payment?

A: Yes.

According to Notice on Social Insurance Payments and Benefits Matters During the Period of the Prevention and Control of the Outbreak of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (Yue Ren She Han [2020] No. 24) issued by the Human Resources and Social Security Department of Guangdong Province and Guangdong Provincial Tax Services, State Taxation Administration, employers that cannot timely pay premiums for pension insurance, unemployment insurance, and work-related injury insurance due to the impact of the outbreak of NCP, can defer the above payment for up to three months after the end of the epidemic; no late fees will be charged during such period.

问题：企业因疫情无法复工，停工期间工资应如何发放？

根据《广东省人力资源和社会保障厅关于积极应对新型冠状病毒感染肺炎疫情做好劳动关系相关工作的通知》（粤人社明电〔2020〕13号）的有关规定，企业因受疫情影响导致停工停产的，未超过一个工资支付周期（最长三十日）的，应当按照正常工作时间支付工资；超过一个工资支付周期的，可以根据职工提供的劳动，按照双方新约定的标准支付工资；企业没有安排职工工作的，应当按照不低于当地最低工资标准的80%支付职工生活费，生活费发放至企业复工、复产或者解除劳动关系。

Q: If enterprises cease production due to the outbreak of NCP, how enterprises pay wages during such period?

A: According to Notice Regarding Actively Addressing Labor Relationship Issues During the Period of the Outbreak of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia by the Human Resources and Social Security Department of Guangdong Province (Yue Ren She Ming Dian [2020] No. 13) , when the enterprise ceases operation or production due to the impact of the outbreak of NCP, the enterprise shall pay wages to the employees as they have worked normally, if it is within one payment cycle (the maximum period shall be 30 days); in case it exceeds one payment cycle, wages may be paid according to the work offered by the employees on the basis of the standard newly stipulated by both parties; if the enterprise does not arrange for the employees to work, it shall pay living expenses to the employees at the rate of 80% of the local minimum wage standard; the living expenses shall be paid until the enterprise resumes its operation or production, or the labor relationship is dissolved.

问题：目前是否已有一些缓解企业经济压力的支持政策呢？

解答：有。

2月6日，广东省人民政府发布了《关于应对新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎疫情支持企业复工复产的若干政策措施》。2月7日，广州市人民政府办公厅发布了《关于支持中小微企业在打赢疫情防控阻击战过程中健康发展的十五条措施》。同日，深圳市人民政府发布了《深圳市应对新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎疫情支持企业共渡难关的若干措施》。这些措施分别从减免税费、降低或减免房租、加强金融支持等方面，支持企业稳定生产经营、实现纾难解困。

疫情期间，各地方政府还可能会陆续出台其他缓解企业压力的利好政策，建议企业可继续留意关注。

Q: Are there any supportive policies for relieving the burden on enterprises？

A: Yes.

On February 6th, the government of Guangdong Province issued Several Measures on Coping with the Outbreak of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia and Supporting the Enterprises to Resume Operation and Production. On February 6th, the general office of the government of Guangzhou issued Fifteen Measures Supporting Healthy Development of Medium, Small and Micro Enterprises in the Battle Against the Outbreak of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia . On the same day, the government of Shenzhen issued Several Measures on Coping with the Outbreak of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia and Supporting Enterprises to Overcome the Difficulties. Measures concerning the reduction of the tax and fees, exemption of rental subsidies, finance support and other aspects, have been introduced to maintain the operation of enterprises and help them reduce the pressure during the prevention and control period of the outbreak of NCP.

During the period of the outbreak of NCP，local governments may continue to release other favorable policies for relieving the burden of enterprises. We suggest that enterprises pay continuous attention these new policies.

在疫情期间，各级政府部门还将会陆续出台与劳动用工相关的新政策，建议企业应持续留意关注，并相应调整劳动用工安排。本团队律师也将持续关注疫情期间最新的劳动用工政策法规，如有法律问题需要咨询，欢迎随时与迈迹达商事团队律师联系。

During the special period of NCP prevention and control, Chinese governments at all level will continue to release regulations or policies concerning employment related issues. We suggest that enterprises pay continuous attention to them, and adjust the employment arrangements accordingly. We will also pay continuous attention to the latest employment-related policies and regulations. If you have any specific issues, please feel free to contact the lawyers of Magister, .

（作者：迈迹达商事团队，广东环球经纬律师事务所）

广东企业复工高频十问（双语版）

发布时间：2020-03-03 浏览数：1,446

发布时间：2020-03-03　浏览数：1,446